How International Business Is The Exchange Of Goods And...

International Business is the exchange of goods and services among individuals and businesses in multiple countries. International Business is also known as Global Business or International Marketing. People in this field have to understand the dynamics of different financial systems, their legal framework, also cultural and language differences. Consultants, as they are often called, have to deal with cultural sensitivities as well. An average day may include; research, dealing with public and/or external customers, constantly keeping abreast of the culture and economy of the country with which one is doing business with, picking up a second language, and directing or coordinating the task of workers. I have many personality strengths that match a career in International Business. My strengths include gathering and remembering relevant data and facts, demonstrating my skill at being able to quickly solve problems, being able to recall and recite important facts that make you look good, being responsive to people’s questions, and representing myself as an honest and straightforward person. Those that have been in this field for a while suggest possibly teaching English first in the desired country that I want to do business with. This will allow time for getting acclimated to the culture. This career is almost identical to my career interest. I am extremely observant but I keep most of my reactions, thoughts and opinions to myself, which is a great asset for this career.Show MoreRelatedInfluence that Created Globalization1626 Words   |  6 Pagesintegration among other countries involving the exchanges of goods, services, technology, information, culture and people as well. 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How has cinema matured and developed within the last 10 years Free Essays

string(109) " has been proposed to be an extensive cue to depth that is effective on different distances \(Horii, 1992\)\." 1.0INTRODUCTION 1.1 Problem Definitio Through the century, film technology has grown up and makes miracle in our life, from the first projected black and white movie in 1895 to the 3D movie today. We will write a custom essay sample on How has cinema matured and developed within the last 10 years? or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the film industry, 3D movie has been very popular in recent years and it is almost becomes a need in the market. As 3D film technology is more and more matured, 2D to 3D conversion can be applied to live-action or VFX productions to add 3D depth to standard 2D material. Hence, filmmakers have different options of 3D film making to suite to their own styles and of course it will rely on the market needs as well. This project will look at which production method is better for filmmaker in term of quality, time consumption and cost. 1.2 Scope The extent of this project is to present past and current knowledge of film technology and the development of 3D stereoscopic production. Any business and marketing strategies in film industry will fall outside the scope of the project. Where the current and new 3D film technology is discussed, this report will also outline a critical analysis of each method of live-action shooting in 3D and the process of 2D to 3D conversion. 1.3 Rationale Stereoscopic filmmaking and stereo 3D conversion is an area of film technology that is constantly changing and expanding. Appearing in many forms and guides, many possibilities of production can be found, from the early development stages right through to post production. As more films are produced in 3D, filmmakers will experience a clearer perspective on the impact in time and cost of shooting in 3D relative to 2D. Hardly say that, 3D movie will take longer time to shoot and post produce than a comparable 2D films nevertheless it will cost more in overall. Hence, stereo 3D conversion will be considered due to being cost effective. Ultimately, the decision to shoot in 3D instead of 2D will depend on the investment return from the marketplace, and creative is one of the considerations too. However, affordably priced 3D camera rigs and other equipments are also being developed that will make stereoscopic 3D production accessible to independent producers on limited budgets. This projec t provides important information in 3D film making and post produced. Multimedia technology students with experience in 3D modeling, video production and post production may also benefit from this report. 1.4 Aim The overall aim of the project is to compare and contrast in post production on stereo 3D conversion and live-action stereoscopic images and to define the reason for selecting each method. 1.5 Objectives To develop an in depth understanding of 3D display, stereoscopic images and depth perception. Critically analyse research and explore the process of 2D to 3D conversion and live-action shooting. To evaluate the advantages and disadvantages between stereo 3D conversion and live-action shooting. To define which technologies on the way to best achieve a stereo conversion. 1.6 Brief History of 3D Here is the highlight of the history of 3D. In 1838, Sir Charles Wheatstone first explained â€Å"stereopsis† – the perception of depth. In 1851, Queen Victoria saw a â€Å"stereoscope† still image, 3D became all the rage. Around 1890, first stereo film camera introduced. Circa 1915, first red blue â€Å"anaglyph† movie was shown to broad audiences. In 1953, 45 films were released in 3D includes Kiss Me Kate, House of Wax, Creature from the Black Lagoon and more. In 1970’s, new capture and projection technologies were born but unlikely success due to eyestrain for the audience. Jaws 3D is one of the movie which projected in the cinema. Late 1990’s, IMAX begins projecting in 3D In 2005, Hollywood studios’ Digital Cinema Initiative, aided by Entertainment Technology Centre’s Digital Cinema Lab, a specification for a standard digital cinema package was created. In 2009, more than two out of ten movie screens are equipped for digital 3D In 2011, 3D home experiences no longer a myth. 2.0REVIEW OF EXISTING KNOWLEDGE 2.1 Introduction The review on this report provides a rich source of knowledge about depth perception, stereoscopic images, and 3D display that can be applied to the stereoscopic image production which will be discussed on chapter four. To understand how better to present information on 3D stereoscopic, a comprehensive understanding of depth perception is necessary. In addition, knowledge of the human visual system uses as a guide on stereoscopic viewing will be covered in this section. 2.2 Stereo Vision in the Human Visual System The visual system consist retina, vitreous, iris, lens, pupil, cornea, optic disk and optic nerve. Each component of the human eye has a role that requires to work together with the brain, and the perceptive needs of the human mind. The human visual system has a physical configuration that able to build a 3D model of the world from two separate flat images taken in by the eyes. In the real world each eye sees a slightly different view of the world due to human beings have horizontally separated eyes. 2.2.1 Depth Perception Depth can be divided into binocular depth cues that image received by both eyes, and monocular depth cues that image received by just single eye. Studies with random-dot stereogram have shown that the binocular and monocular depth cues are independently perceived (Julesz, 1971). 2.2.1.1 Monocular Depth Cues At longer distances, pictorial cues such as textures, size, colours, shadows and perspective lines are more important than the binocular cues. Failure to present credible pictorial cues might cause undesirable effects and thus destroy the sensation of depth (Boev Hollosi, 2008). Texture in sufficiently symmetrical or constant patterns is a good cue to depth. Shadows work as a depth cue by indicating the size, shape, orientation and parallax of different objects. The functioning of scale as a cue to depth relies on the fact that the sizes of familiar objects are known. Focal depth has been proposed to be an extensive cue to depth that is effective on different distances (Horii, 1992). You read "How has cinema matured and developed within the last 10 years?" in category "Essay examples" A person with one blind eye has limited ability to judge distance and depth. However, they able to extract 3D information from a single 2D view through the basis depth assessment as below: Scale – through the evaluation of the relative size of objects. Superposition – from observing one object partially obscuring another. Shadow – through examining the shape of an object’s shadow. Focus – through changing focus on the eye. Perspective – through observing that parallel features converge as the distance increases. The ability to judge distance can be developed with experiences; however, it can never reach the same degree that can be obtained with binocular vision (Westone Resource, 2002). 2.2.1.2 Binocular Depth Cues Figure 1 shows how geometry of binocular vision gives rise to slightly different images in two eyes. If the two eyes are fixating on a point P, then the images cast by P fall at the centre of the fovea in each eye. Now consider a second point Q. If the images of Q fell five degrees away from the fovea in both eyes we should say that Q stimulated corresponding points in the two eyes, and that Q had zero disparity. If instead the image was located 6 degrees away from the fovea in one eye but 5 degrees away in the other, we should say that Q stimulated disparate or no corresponding points and that Q produced a disparity of 1 degree. In general, if Q’s image falls x degrees from the fovea in the left eye and y degrees from the fovea in the right eye than the binocular disparity is (x – y), measured in degrees of visual angle. The amount of disparity depends on the physical depth (d) of Q relative to the fixation point P. In fact, disparity is approximately proportional to t his depth difference divided by the square of the viewing distance (v). Thus disparity increases with the amount of depth, but decreases rapidly with increasing viewing distance (Chalmers Lo, 2003) Figure 1. Geometry of binocular vision Schreer (2005) stated that human eyes are separated from each other on average by approximately 63mm. Beyond a distance of 400 metres the change in parallactic angle becomes so small that depth perception cannot be discerned. The smallest difference in parallactic angle which can be interpreted as an impression of depth is an indication of our stereoscopic acuity (Westone Resource, 2002). 2.3 Stereoscopic Depth Cues Stereoscopic depth cues are a kind of motion parallax cues. Human is using two eyes as two points of view, and then make comparisons between these two views. Retinal disparities can be defined as discrepancies between two images. Two pictures to be processed together with specialized neurons in the visual cortex looking for these disparities, hence more information, more accurately can be extracted from motion parallaxes. Mostly horizontal parallaxes, occlusions revelations, some shape changes, and convergence cues. One could rightfully argue that there is no stereoscopic depth cue that is not a motion cue (Mendiburu, 2009). Horizontal Parallax Human brain will extracts and computes the size of the disparities to assess the distance of the objects when looking at a stereoscopic image. Occlusion Revelations Occlusion occurs when objects overlap each other. Occlusions are the most powerful depth cues. In monoscope, some parts of the background object are hidden. In stereoscopy, there is a thin stripe of the background object that is seen by only one eye. This additional texture is a major cue for the brain to reconstruct a scene, to the point that occlusion will supersede any other cue, and your brain will twist reality in every direction to make it work (Mendiburu, 2009). Shape Change In stereoscopy, there’s an additional factor. The distance between human eyes is fixed at an average of 2.5 inches; therefore, the amount of â€Å"side view† for per eye is the function of an object’s size and distance. A dice you hold in your hand will reveal more of its sides than one on the other end of a craps table. And a building may not let you see its sides because it’s more that 2.5 inches wide. If you see more or less of an object, and you can locate it in the distance or have a reference shape to compare it to, then you’ll have enough information to infer the missing information and assess its actual size. Most of the time, this will tell you the size and distance. When shooting in 3D, filmmaker will play with the camera’s interocular distance. This will create size effects on objects, landscapes, and actors, and make them feel giant or small (Mendiburu, 2009). Convergence, Parallax, and Depth Parallax is the relative position of an object’s image in a set of pictures. When the parallax value of the pair of images of an object is negative, the left-eye image of the object is seen on the screen at a position that lies to the right of its right-eye image. When a viewer converge the image pair, the 3D object seems to be located in front of the screen plane. When the parallax value of the image pair is positive, the left-eye image of the object is seen on the screen at a position that lies to the left of its right-eye image. When a viewer converge the image pair, the 3D object seems to be located behind the screen plane. When the parallax value is zero, the two images of the object overlap at the screen plane. In this circumstance the object seems to the viewer to be located on the screen plane. When a viewer’s eyes are focused on the screen and converged on an object that appears to be in front of the screen (i.e. an object with negative parallax), the viewerâ⠂¬â„¢s left and right eyes cross. And when a viewer’s eyes are focused on the plane of the screen and converged on an object that appears to be on or beyond the screen (i.e. an object with zero or positive parallax), the viewer’s eyes remain uncrossed. Because crossing the eyes can cause physical discomfort, filmmakers are often cautious about using excessive negative parallax, choosing instead to limit the frequency of use of the effect and the degree to which objects are allowed to intrude into the viewer’s space (Clark, 2010). See figure 2 for a clearer picture. Figure 2. Parallax (Autodesk, 2008) 2.4 3D Display Stereoscopic display efficiently presents a left eye image to the left eye that is isolated from a right eye image that is presented to the right eye. This allows the visual system to merge the two images resulting in the perception of depth, or stereopsis. In current market, there are several methods to create stereoscopic visualization and the most common approaches used today are summarized on next page. Each one has advantage and disadvantage that should be considered by the user. StereoMirror Features:the light path from two polarized LCD monitors is combined using a 50/50 beamsplitter that transmits light from one display and reflects light from the other; find additional information here. Glasses: passive, linearly polarized Pros: high brightness, full stereo resolution, excellent color, no flicker, best stereo image quality, very comfortable, low stereo crosstalk, continuous image Cons:form factor, requires two input signals 3D Vision Features:left and right images are displayed frame sequentially with black frame insertion between, an emitter synchronizes glasses so that the left eye is blocked when a right image is shown and the right eye is blocked when a left image is shown Glasses: NVIDIA 3D Vision active shutter glasses Pros: full stereo resolution, good color, low stereo crosstalk, low cost Cons:low brightness, mild flicker Other Active Glasses Features:left and right images are displayed frame sequentially, an emitter synchronizes glasses so that the left eye is blocked when a right image is shown and the right eye is blocked when a left image is shown Glasses: active shutter glasses Pros: full stereo resolution, good color, low cost Cons:low brightness, mild to significant flicker, mild stereo crosstalk Anaglyph Features:stereo paired images are colored with red/blue or red/green tint for the left eye/right eye image Glasses: red/blue or red/green tint passive glasses Pros: can be used on any color display (even paper), low cost Cons:very high stereo crosstalk, loss of most color information Patterned Polarizer Features:odd display rows are circularly polarized in the opposite direction as all the even display rows, left/right images are split to either the even or odd rows Glasses: passive circularly polarized Pros: continuous image, comfortable Cons:half resolution, limited vertical viewing angle, stereo crosstalk increases with viewing angle Head Mounted Display (HMD) Features:a display in front of the left eye shows the left image and a second display in front of the right eye shows the right image Glasses: electronic glasses with two displays and appropriate optics Pros: zero stereo crosstalk, private view Cons:heavier glasses, eliminates view of surrounding, not multi-user, limited display technology Dual Panel Features:a pair of LCD panels are laminated and controlled with a custom algorithm that allows one panel to control the pixel intensity and the other to control polarization distribution Glasses: passive polarized glasses Pros: full stereo resolution, simultaneous left/right image displayed Cons:low brightness through two panels, complex driving scheme, viewing angle restrictions Autostereo Features:Uses LCD with an added optical element (either lenticular lens or parallax barrier) to create a combined left eye/right eye presentation of the image on the screen Glasses: no glasses required Pros: glasses free, multiple viewing zones are possible Cons:resolution reduced by half or more, high stereo crosstalk, complex content development 2.4.1 REAL D Technology The REAL D 3D theatrical system delivers a high quality 3D movie experience to the viewer. The system is designed to operate on existing digital cinema systems, which include a 3D enabled server and a DLP Cinemaâ„ ¢ projector (Cowan, 2007). 3.0 METHODOLOGY In order to fully obtain the research required and to gather the accrued information to achieve the aim and objectives of the project, the research method is mainly based on secondary research. However, primary research could be considered as part of the method on this project. 3.1 Primary Research Semi-structured interviewing is perhaps the most common type of interview used in qualitative social research. In this type of interview, some specific information which can be compared and contrasted with information gained in other interviews and also in other sources. (Dawson, 2006) The using of questionnaires is important for a project. In this project, a combination of both open and closed questions can consider to be taken. That way, it is possible to find out how many people have good or bad experience with 3D movies and what public think about 3D movies compare with 2D movies on the same form. Below are advantages and disadvantages of interviews. Advantages: Very useful in obtaining detailed information Obtaining a realistic picture of the way of people view Able to control the search design to fit the project needs Focus on specific subjects Disadvantages: Can be costly Time consuming, by the time the research is complete it may be out of date May not get response if emails or direct mailing are used 3.2 Secondary Research Sharp (2002) defined that secondary data is data collected by others and published in some from that is fairly readily accessible. In order to fully understand the development of live action and post produced stereoscopic, and its current role within the industry, this process requires gathering general information found through secondary data. The secondary research was divided into three parts: The principles of 3D stereoscopic, 3D display, and 3D glasses. The process of 3D stereo conversion. Stereoscopic filmmaking – Live-action shooting in 3D. In the first part, a subjective research was done by collecting the information of how human able to see 3D view both in the real world and on the screen through a viewing system. In the second part, Advantages and Disadvantages of the secondary research method Books and journals are likely to be the major source of the secondary data. Furthermore, they are extremely helpful for providing an accurate and in depth information on this project. However finding information on a specific subject is one of the challenges in this project unless there is a journal that focuses on it in its entirety. Although, some information that found from books may be out of date, yet, the history and the concept of 3D is never change. Hence, books consider one of the important sources for this project. Specialist publication such as 3D world and Post are very useful and can be found in the learning centre. The data from the internet is a simple approach to rapidly find information relevant to the project. Especially for this project is considered very useful, considering the lack of any out of date information that’s books have provided. However it’s hard to determine what information is valid on the internet unless the information is clearly referenced such as entertainment technology center website and whitepaper. 3.3 Comparison of the Chosen Methodology 4.0 REFERENCES Lo, C. and Chalmers, A., 2003. Stereo Vision for Computer Graphics, ACM Inc, pp. 110. Julesz, B., 1971. Foundations of cyclopean perception. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Boev, A., Hollosi, D., and Gotchev, A., 2008. Classification of stereoscopic artefacts, tech. rep., Mobile3DTV Project. WestOne, n.d. ‘Resources – Principles of 3D Stereoscopy’. [online] www.westone.wa.gov.au Date accessed: 17/01/2011 Schreer, O., Kauff, P., and Sikora, T., eds., 2005. 3D video communication. Wiley. Mendiburu, B., 2009. 3D Movie Making. Oxford: Elsevier Inc. B. Clark, 2010. ‘3D Production and Post’. [online] www.jhfestival.org Date assessed: 25/10/2010 Dr. Dawson, C., 2006. A Practical Guide to Research Methods. Oxford: How To Books Ltd Sharp, John A., 2002. The Management of a Student Research Project. Burlington: Gower Publishing Ltd 5.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY Wandell, B., 1995. Foundations of vision. Sunderland, MA, US: Sinauer Associates. How to cite How has cinema matured and developed within the last 10 years?, Essay examples

Dell Essay Example For Students

Dell Essay Dell Corporation was founded and established by Michael Dell in 1984. Dell is responsible for providing a vast variety of computers and peripherals ranging from individual customers to major corporations. Dell ranks 2nd when it comes to manufacturing personal computers in the United States and 3rd in the world. Dell also has various manufacturing plants throughout the world, making it a powerhouse in the computer sector. Dell has many factors that drive the company forward. One is there ability to provide customers the most newest technology at the lowest prices and providing that product in a faster way than the competition. Dells factory direct method makes this possible by cutting out the middleman and implementing the direct selling method. This is Dells bread and butter and it has caused Dells revenues to grow in the billions of dollars worldwide. But even with their successful track record, Dell also faces many considerable changes that are known to affect the computer industry. Short product life cycles and constantly changing technology make products obsolete in a very quick time span. Dell contends with this problem by offering customers standard technology. By offering customers with up to date and high value products, Dell believes it is giving the customer what they want. The internet has also played a significant role in Dells success. Dells website has allowed customers to customize their computers to fit their specific needs. Dells efficient distribution method makes it very easy to produce and deliver to its customers in the fastest, most efficient way possible. Another contributing factor to Dells success is something that most consumers dont see. Its the way Dell is managed from the top, all the way down. Michael Dell is very much in control of the company he helped build. He wants to hear other viewpoints and ideas. He wants his staff to question everything and test their superiors. He believes in everyone being responsible for their own actions. He believes in saving money by whatever means necessary. If it takes too long to earn a profit, then the project gets pulled. Dells very hands on approach have made the company very successful over the years. Besides being conscious to its customers needs, Dell also focuses on its employees needs as well. Employees want to feel valued and believe that what they have to say matters and will be taken into consideration and Dell adopts that type of work culture into its way of doing business externally and internally.

The World Is Flat Executive Summary free essay sample

The World is Flat by Thomas L. Friedman is best described as an expos © of the realities of the present day business world and of the effects that certain advances in technology as well as political upheavals have had on capitalism during the past three decades. The flattening of the world is a metaphor used to describe an increasing interconnectivity among the citizens of the world. This increase in interconnectivity is ascribed to several events such as the fall of the Berlin wall, and most prominently, the advent of the internet. The point is stressed that for companies to survive in todays environment, they must keep pace with the constant advances in technology that are making previous ways of doing business no longer competitive. It is also noted that it is becoming less important that a company be subservient to a particular nation state. Outsourcing to countries where labour is cheaper such as India, will save companies money, establish business practices in foreign countries, and, ironically, produce better results. We will write a custom essay sample on The World Is Flat Executive Summary or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As a result we are left with he same capitalism as before, but Just a different (and ever changing), and much wider playing field. Its shocking to learn how backward the United States of America has become. To think that the country responsible for setting the pace of modern day capitalism has been able to educate its population so poorly is a troubling reflection of our value system. To quote the text, In China today, Bill Gates is Britney Spears. In America today, Britney Spears is Britney Spears and that is our problem. America is no longer motivated. Our youth have become lazy underachievers who will certainly be left at the bottom of the food chain where the upper rungs will be occupied by todays hardest workers who come from todays poorest countries. That is of course unless Americans have a drastic change in mentality. Unfortunately, I believe what will happen is that as a nation we will end up underpaid (or simply paid what we are worth) or unemployed. Essentially, being Ame rican is no longer a valuable thing. We are becoming worthless. As a nation we are apathetic to issues that are most mportant to the survival of our country; instead, we would prefer to focus our energies on fguring out how much pot Lindsey Lohan smokes and whether such and such a celebrity beats his wife or not. It is because of this media induced epidemic that I foresee an increasingly slimmer portion of the US population benefiting from globalization. The rest I see as being indefinitely underpaid if paid at all. The most important lesson to take away from this book is the importance of hard work. Also, it is very important to realize how to benefit, in business, from this hanging world and to adapt as quickly as possible to its parameters. It is those who are best equipped to adapt that will be able to stay afloat financially. The importance of networking also cannot be overlooked. Not only is networking in general going to be more and more important; with whom you network, and how you communicate with each other could make the difference between a successful business and a failure. Those who plan to adapt the best must establish vast and purposeful networks. Furthermore, in business we have to continue think globally, and we have o think about long term benefits. In America we have trouble thinking beyond the snort term. ts probably not uncommon to tind a businessman trom the other side of the world whose long term goals include the prosperity of generations underneath him, In America people increasingly dont even have their own prosperity in mind. So not only is it time to take into consideration our own prosperity, but it is also time to ensure that the generations that succeed us will also have the ability to prosper. Eric Snoddy

Descriptive Essay Essays - Therapy, Psychotherapy, Free Essays

Descriptive Essay Essays - Therapy, Psychotherapy, Free Essays Descriptive Essay My life has been one struggle after another. Dealing with depression was not as easy or as fun as a ride on a slide. It was more like a sickening spin on the merry-go-round; it felt like I was holding on for dear life and spinning so fast my hands were loosing grip. My therapy sessions were a revolving door. I went in and came out, hoping it to be the last, but only to face another session. It all started around the tender age of 13-just getting into my teenage years. I battled with my identity. It felt like I was walking against a strong wind. I knew I was adopted ever since I understood what that meant, but I wasn't happy knowing this. I began going to therapy with my family, only to find myself angrier than a punished child. I attempted suicide twice in that few months, and finally manipulated my parents into taking me out of that therapy. For the next two years, I kept any negative feelings undercover, not opening my shell to anyone. By the beginning of my junior year in high school, I couldn't keep it in. My emotions exploded like an overheated bag of popcorn. More suicide attempts were made. I was taken to our local hospital where I was put in the psychiatric unit and diagnosed with major depression. This news hit me like a bug on a moving car's windshield. I didn't know this was a sickness. I was released and forced to start individual therapy. I became very close to my new therapist-she made me laugh and helped me to solve little problems. Although things were looking better, there were a lot of problems still hovering over me like vultures around road kill. I again tried killing myself and was sent back to the hospital. This time, I was released into an intense therapy group for teenagers. These sessions were every weekday for either four or eight hours. My self-esteem went down, and I seemed to have made more problems for myself-getting into drugs. I made it through nearly two months of this intense therapy, and came out happier and feeling less depressed. I went back to bottling up my anger and sadness in order to stay out of therapy, but a gang rape on me ripped apart the barrier. Once again, I was injuring myself and back in the hospital. I returned to the powerful group therapy with even lower self-esteem than before. Not happy with my appearance, I became anorexic. I lost a lot of weight, and began looking like a starving child from Bosnia. My therapist forced me to slowly start eating again; however, noticing the slightest weight gain led me to eat and then purposely vomit. My therapist caught on to my bulimia and began monitoring my eating before, during and after. I felt trapped. I finally realized if I didn't want to live, I would have succeeded in my suicide attempts. I gradually discovered what I had to live for, and I was sick of being labeled as depressed. I decided I wanted help. Today, I still visit a another therapist every once in a while, and I am currently getting off my medications. I finally feel free; I am no longer struggling to hold on to the slippery bars of the merry-go-round. The revolving door is now a one-way door, and I have left the building. Good-bye, depression. Hello, slide.

Conclusion Writing

Conclusion Writing Conclusion Writing Conclusion Writing Conclusion writing is a small part of your college essay, but not less important than introduction. In essay conclusion you answer the question put to college English essay early. Essay conclusion should not be a mere summary of the paper. Essay conclusion should be critical as you are expected to assess what has been accomplished and whether you achieved the objectives set for the essay writing.Conclusion writing may present the reader with the restatement or reinforcement of the main ideas. You need to mention the thesis statement in other words as well. Writing an essay conclusion, you should strive to generalize the whole work and aim to leave an unforgettable impression on the reader. Fortunately, the impression you make is positive. There is legitimate and illegitimate generalization. You generalize legitimately when you try to draw conclusions from the evidence that you have set before the reader. If you generalize in an illegitimate way, you make sweepin g statements for which there is little or no basis. Essay Conclusion WritingAt the end of the essay, a concluding paragraph should briefly and concisely summarize the most important results of your discussion. This is your final opportunity to remind the reader once more of your overall line of argumentation by repeating the thesis statement and by giving a short summary of your results. Furthermore, good concluding paragraphs contain a kind of outlook which transcends the actual findings of your research and places them in a wider context. For example, you could point out the exemplary nature of your essay and how your approach would lead to valuable results when applied to other essay writing. Basically, the outlook should expand the focus and context of your English essay writing, thus demonstrating that your approach possibly could have wider implications that go beyond the limitations of the academic essay at hand.Conclusion Writing TipsAn outline can initially help you to organize and communicate your thoughts effectively. You write essays because they teach you something, not just as an exercise to prove you can write. Writing essays clarifies your thinking and gives you some idea of how well you understand your topic. Turn questions into controversial propositions and question these to raise further issues. Irrelevant material often creeps into essays through your failure to understand what the main issue is. Irrelevant material can be good material that has found its way into the wrong essay or is in the wrong place. You cannot make your points yet ignore relevant research or literature in the field. When you have read potentially useful, but quite confusing material, this is when you are most likely to lose sight of your essay title.

Companies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Companies - Essay Example Thus non-price competition prevails in the market and it is up to a particular firm to convince consumers that its product is superior. Only then can it charge a higher price vis-Ã  -vis rivals. Given a large number of sellers, collusion is practically impossible In the event of an increase in demand, leading to an increase in price, the firms in the industry may earn higher profits in the short run. However, over time, the existing firms in the market will increase their production capacity or new firms will enter the industry to take advantage of the higher price. Either way, the supply demand mismatch would vanish and the firms will earn normal profit only. The assumption of symmetry in monopolistic competition, which states that when a new firm enters the industry it draws customers equally from all firms, will lead to negligible change in the CR of the industry. The aforesaid discussion suggests that if J’s Assistant Living is to start operations, the company will have to offer a differentiated product. The company will not be able to compete on the price plank and will earn normal profits in the long run. In case J’s Assistant Living does not succeed, it will be able to exit the industry easily. The Concentration Ratio (CR) of 80 percent in industry B with 20 firms signifies that there is ‘high concentration’ in the industry. The industry is oligopoly as the few largest firms account for 80 percent of the market share. In an oligopoly, the market dominated by a relatively small number of large firms. These firms have considerable market power and may either sell standardized products or differentiated products. Each firm realizes that any move that it makes would be taken note of by competitors. As such, the decisions that a firm takes is strategic in nature as it invariably elicits a response from the rivals. The main characteristics of this industry type include barriers to entry and

Complexity of human being and their moral actions Essay

Complexity of human being and their moral actions - Essay Example question or dilemma results in a search for a method that can be used by humans in ethical decision-making and justification, a method that would give the conditions to be met by any moral or ethical decision and consequently the action. This is the complexity in human beings. This essay will attempt to explain this complexity in relation to moral and ethical actions based on the Kantian deontology theory and how it reduces and evaluates this complexity. The essay will also examine how Aristotelian-Thomistic ethics evidences this human complexity. The complexity of human beings is evidenced in their moral actions since all moral actions are a product of moral and ethical reasoning. Moral action is based on the principle of right and wrong which is preceded by reasoning. Many a times, when humans are to make decisions for actions there are to take, their reasoning and decisions are always based on either the approach of rights, duties, and obligations; consequences; and or human nature. Should morality of our decisions and actions be based on rights, obligations, and duties? Or, should it be evaluated based on its consequences or human nature? According to Kantian Deontology, the only good thing is that action which is of free will motivated by the right reasons. Kant uses reason as a faculty which he considers is the way that human complexity in terms of reasoning and decision-making can be reduced and evaluated. Kant argues that, it is not inclination, but rather, it is reason that should guide human moral action. In this sense, the resulting moral action according to Kant becomes a duty (Kant 61). Basically, Kant argues that, a purely free and good action of the will is one that is purely done not on the basis of inclination but because there are right reasons for it. For instance, let say you find a lost wallet that belongs to a stranger, Kantian deontology argues that, despite an inclination of keeping the money, one should return the wallet simply because

Discrimination of Micronesians in Hawaii Essay Example for Free

Discrimination of Micronesians in Hawaii Essay Since the COFA (Compact of Free Association) Act was formalized between the Pacific Island nations of Micronesia and the United States in 1986, there have been rising influxes of Micronesian citizens that have the privilege of entering the U. S. without the need for a visa or time limit. These FAS (Freely Associated States) include the Republic of Palau, the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the Federated States of Micronesia. While there is no obligation to immigrate to a specific state within the U. S. , many choose to settle on Hawai’i. Due to its proximity to their home islands and tropical environment, the Micronesian population in Hawai’i has been steadily increasing during recent years. It is estimated that around 15,000 COFA migrants are currently residing in Hawai’i, where they subsequently face many barriers as new immigrants, including language, social and cultural barriers. Specifically, there is an ever-growing presence of Micronesian stereotyping and marginalization that is frequently exhibited by other ethnic populations in Hawai’i. Because they are seen as the â€Å"newest† population to arrive on the islands and the fastest growing, Micronesians are subject to many forms of discrimination. In recent years, our local community has been ill-equipped and misinformed about the Micronesian population. Consequently, our unfamiliarity has contributed to their isolation and discrimination within the Hawai’ian Islands. It is important for us as residents of Hawai’i to bridge the gap that exists between Micronesians and what we perceive as our own â€Å"local society†. Due to our society being misinformed and social control factors at work, we perceive Micronesians as being inept, destitute and imprudent. There are several barriers that hinder Micronesian assimilation within the islands. One such barrier is within the health care system. In Dr. Yamada’s article titled, â€Å"Discrimination in Hawaii and the Health of Micronesians†, he says Micronesians are often victims of â€Å"inferior care or denial of services†. There are instances of Micronesian patients that are denied services and being referred to another clinic, or being discriminated against due to their perceived lack of adherence to treatment plans. Personally, I believe that there is a kind of â€Å"ignorance† that health care providers bestow upon Micronesian patients. In 2006, I began working as a volunteer for the Kaka’ako homeless shelter and clinic started by Dr. Jill Omori that included inhabitants comprised mostly of Micronesian ethnicity. Many of them were unable to find a job and help themselves financially. Those individuals who lacked the means to support their family also sought refuge at the shelter. I observed that a lot of the older Micronesian shelter inhabitants could not speak English, and those who did only had limited basic knowledge and phrases that they used. What was surprising, however, was that most of the doctors and medical students who treated these patients did not having a working knowledge of the Chuukese language, which is spoken by the majority of the Micronesians. Many of these patients used the help of their children who were fortunate to attend public schools. Thus, a language barrier had existed, and still to this day, is continually a major factor in the fair treatment of health care delivery among Micronesians. In the health care system, it can be challenging to relay medical information from English into Chuukese. Pobutsky et. al. uggests having health education materials translated and readily available for Micronesian patients. Pobutsky also notes that having interpreters fluent in Chuukese is essential. Regarding denial of health services, Yamada talks about how COFA migrants were denied MED-QUEST (a Medicaid program) benefits in July 2010 by the Hawai’i State Administration. It was reinstated 4 months later because the denial was in direct violation of the Equal Protection clause of the 14th Amendment of the U. S. Constitution. Such discrimination is not only seen in our health care system, but also within the confines of social and economic settings. Yamada suggests that examining and countering â€Å"prevailing social forces† will help eliminate discrimination. By my personal interpretation, he is saying we must realize that social forces – such as the criminal justice system and the government – are shared by all of us as one single community in Hawai’i. By being responsible and looking out for one another regardless of race or ethnicity, we can close the social bridge that divide us. In other words, we must be proactive and bring to light the issues that face Micronesian immigrants who are treated unfairly. Another brief policy report from the Hawai’i Appleseed Center for Law and Economic Justice (HACLEJ) provides accounts of stigmatization by governmental leaders towards COFA migrants. The report further goes on to explain how there is an absence of interpreters available to help COFA migrants within labor, housing and court disputes. Within the context of the court system, it can be a challenge for someone convicted who does not have a working knowledge of the English language. HACLEJ emphasizes the need to â€Å"stimulate awareness, advocacy and action† in order to better address Micronesians living in Hawai’i. Several paths can be taken to address discrimination issues against Micronesians. Already, there are many advocates and groups that support Micronesians and other at-risk migrants. Some of these groups do not receive funding from the state of Hawai’i, and must rely on private funds to continue their work. There are also few research projects that involve Micronesians living in Hawai’i and thus there is little information in regards to ethnographic and qualitative studies. Additionally, surveys measuring Micronesians’ health needs and risk factors should be included within the context of how to better deliver health care. Within the political system, our lawmakers should be better informed and take more consideration into immigration affairs. Pobutsky et. al. gives several examples of health service programs that are currently in the process of addressing the language barriers and health concerns of Micronesians, but there is much more work to be done in order to achieve long-term success. Allocation of state and government funds should be directed towards creating more educational and social programs that can help better address disparities quite often seen with newly arrived immigrants. Based in part by my own personal experiences and also through research, many Micronesians are illiterate and lack a good work ethic to succeed in future endeavors. Because Micronesians are discriminated both in the job market and in school, they may perceive themselves as being unable to achieve success that is often seen with other ethnicities. Consequently many of them, especially Micronesian youths, engage in criminal behavior and illicit activities. My worry is that this cycle will manifest itself unchecked among these youths well into adulthood and create more harm than good within the criminal justice system of Hawai’i. As citizens of a diverse society in Hawai’i, we need to be more proactive and open-minded on issues that deal with the Micronesian population as a whole. Local perspectives that Micronesians are a kind of â€Å"deviance† on the islands and a â€Å"burden† to our society are obstructive to our continuous theme of the â€Å"Aloha spirit†. We must come together as a society and be more considerate and helpful to those who we might think less highly of. As long as institutions of power continue to ignore the problem of discrimination and disparity, then recent immigrants who include Micronesians will continue to face hardship. In our study of social control theory, there is the idea of â€Å"strain† that is frequently seen in societies that stress hard work and having a good education. More research efforts and studies must be done in order to better assess disparities present within the Micronesian population in Hawai’i, as well as having adequate funding by the state to support programs that meet the needs of the Micronesian community.

The Highwayman by Alfred Noyes and Lord Tennyson’s The Lady of Shalott

The Highwayman by Alfred Noyes and Lord Tennyson’s The Lady of Shalott In this essay, I intend to examine the storylines, themes and language of ‘The Highwayman’ and ‘The Lady of Shalott’ and then explain why I think that one of the poems is more powerful than the other one. ‘The Highwayman’ is a love story full of romance and adventure. The hero is the rakish highwayman of the title who dies for the love of his mistress – the darkly beautiful innkeeper’s daughter, Bess. ‘The Lady of Shalott’ is a mysterious poem set in the mythical time of legend Camelot. It is also a tragic love story in which the Lady of Shalott, who is cursed to stay in her tower and not look out of the window, dies for her love because she looks out of the window at Sir Lancelot. The highwayman himself is a romantic hero of the 18th century. He is very well dressed, with ‘a French cocked-hat on his forehead’ and ‘lace at his chin’. His ‘breeches of brown doe-skin’ fit ‘with never a wrinkle’. He is a thief – the highwayman tells Bess that he will be ‘back with the yellow gold’. In addition, he is very daring. He could be caught but still steals things and comes to visit Bess. This shows that he is passionate about Bess. He loves Bess and promises her that he will be back ‘though Hell should bar the way’. Sir Lancelot is also a hero and a very brave and religious man as he is ‘a redcross knight’. He is also cheerful because as he was riding by the river he was singing ‘Tirra Lirra’. The writer does not describe how Sir Lancelot looks in great detail except that he has ‘coal-black curls’ and a ‘broad clear brow.’ Sir Lancelot is a typical romantic, Victorian hero. Bess, the landlord’s daughter, has ‘long black hair’ and ... ...d. After examining both of the poems, I prefer ‘The Highwayman’ to ‘The Lady of Shalott’. Firstly, the main reason is because ‘The Highwayman’ is much more dramatic and the storyline is much easier to follow than that of ‘The Lady of Shallot’. Secondly, I like Noyes’ use of language. He has used lots of similes, alliterative phrases, personification and examples of onomatopoeia to bring the ballad to life and give the reader a vivid image of what is happening all the way through the poem. Although ‘The Lady of Shalott’ has many sensual images, much of the description of the surroundings is left out which makes it harder to get a clear picture of what is going on. Finally, I think that ‘The Highwayman’ is a more powerful poem because the pace is quicker than that of ‘The Lady of Shalott’, which has a much slower and gentler, less dramatic pace.

Multiculturalism the problem today

In turn toing the essay inquiry Is Multiculturalism the job now ; I will be reasoning that it is a job now by giving sensible and valid justifications. I will be besides examine the single constructs and definitions of multiculturalism every bit good as touching somewhat on urban civilization, and show how these constructs are represented in today ‘s society with negatively. Harmonizing to Giddens ( 2001 ) civilization is defined as â€Å"the values, ceremonials and ways of life feature of a given group† . These values and norms can change and are slightly dependent on societal and cultural influences experienced by a peculiar group. One such peculiar group or civilization I will be looking at are Muslims and the decisions that Tariq Modood drew when measuring the after mat of the bombardments of 7/7. Other such groups or influences can in bend create the outgrowth of farther subcultures within mainstream civilization that can be identified and segmented by elements such as ethnicity, gender and faith, and in bend become subcultures which is defined as â€Å"meaning systems, manners of look or life styles developed by groups in low-level structural places in response to dominant significance systems, and which reflect their effort to work out structural contradictions originating from the wider social context† ( Brake: 1985: p8 ) . Subcultures harmonizing to Blake ( 1985 ) are different from one another because they each consist of three typical basicss they are â€Å"Image – visual aspect composed of costume, accoutrements such as hair – manner, jewelry and artifacts. Demeanour – made up of look, pace and position, for illustration what they were and how they wear it. Argot – a particular vocabulary and how it is delivered to work out structural contradictions originating from the wider social context† . ( Brake: 1985: p8 ) . Most theorist including Thornton ( 1995 ) have the same decision when specifying subcultures ; â€Å"Subcultural political orientations are a agencies by which youth imagine their ain and other societal groups assert their typical character and affirm that they are non anon. members of an uniform mass† . ( Thornton: 1995: p185 ) . When looking at subculture, Hebdige ( 1979 ) acknowledge â€Å"That familiar objects warrant analysis as marks and depositories of organized significances, as much linguistic or ‘pure ‘ ocular signal. Under the conceptual umbrella of subculture, he brings together art, literature, music, manner, and even attitude, and places these on the same analytical plane. ( McRobbie: 1994: p14-15 ) . Multiculturalism is normally defined as the acknowledgment of diverse cultural brotherhoods that applies to the demographic make-up of different topographic points or intuitions. The thoughts of multiculturalism are the interaction of diverse cultural civilizations that need to be respected and valued in mundane life. Pakulsk ( 1997 ) believes that multiculturalism can besides be translated as cultural citizenship, which is a combination of civil, political and societal rights. Cultural citizenship involves others admiting and accepting the demands and differences when set uping equal rights to suit these differences. ( Fulcher & A ; Scott: 2007 ) , which besides includes an person to show one ‘s ain individuality, instead than an individuality be forced onto them as society deem tantrum. Harmonizing to the Parekh study ( 2000 ) multiculturalism covers five single facets, which as follow:All persons have the right to be treated every bit, irrespective of gender, coloring material, ethnicity, faith and age.As Britain is a broad and multicultural society it needs to take into history the demands of other spiritual and cultural communities.Persons all have different demands which can non be ignored a unvarying signifier of intervention can non be applied has this will take to favoritism and equality.Each society needs to consistent and respectful of diverseness and alteration.That equal chances and self – development should be for all.The Parekh study ( 2000 ) besides goes on to province that adjust to coherence, equality and diverseness by using three different theoretical accounts the first being the Nationalist theoretical account which is when the province promotes a â€Å"single national culture† ( The Parekh Report: 2000 ) .Whereas the existent theore tical account is based on the fact that Britain is a homogenous society, which it is non because of its many at odds traditions. The 2nd theoretical account is that of the Liberal theoretical account which requires a â€Å"common political culture† ( The Parekh Report: 2000 ) . A difference of both the populace and private domains needs to be acknowledged within different communities, and non merely for the dominant civilization. Where as the dominant civilization is shown through linguistic communication, faith, values and ethical motives, which minorities do non experience that they can take part in as they are made to experience inferior. The last theoretical account is that of the pluralist theoretical account which focuses on â€Å"cultural diverseness is accommodated in the public realm† ( The Parekh Report: 2000 ) . In the theoretical account alteration and integrating is recognized and non merely tolerated. When specifying urban civilizations we are uniting a mixture of different metropoliss all over the Earth, that have certain behaviors and cultural basicss that are different from persons populating in rural countries. Urban civilization is â€Å"The metaphor for corporate life and the new infinite for researching both individuality and difference ( Jenks: 1993: p189 ) . The word urban is used in the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada to exemplify hip hop civilization or a sub vision of black civilization. Caribbean civilization has â€Å"A distant societal and geographical footing and is the merchandise of a alone historical experience ( The Parekh Report: 2000: p29 ) . But Caribbean civilization has besides been diluted by other cultural influences such as â€Å"East Indian, British, Spanish, Gallic, Dutch, Portuguese and Chinese. It can non be traced back to one set of roots† ( The Parekh Report: 2000: p29 ) . In decision, modern-day Youth civilization chiefly relies on selling and consumerism, without assorted media formats i.e. the cyberspace, magazines, and record labels, wireless Stationss and music telecastings young persons would happen it difficult to emulate persons or follow manner tendencies and remain abreast with the latest technological promotion such as the development of societal networking sites viz. Facebook and Twitter. When the mainstream media is picturing youth civilization, multiculturalism and urban civilization, more frequently than non they are negatively reproduced or sensationalised to derive maximal impact in order to derive readers attending, therefore the positive facets of youth civilization is frequently ignored in favour sensationalisation. One such media mercantile establishment which is rather expert at this negative reproduction is the South London Press which preponderantly highlights violent offenses ( allegedly ) committed by black urban young persons in the South London locality. Then there is the Eastern Eye which is a publication that is circulated in the Asiatic communities of Hounslow and Southall in West London that focuses on ( allegedly ) offense that is committed by urban Asians young persons. This phenomenon could be attributed to market cleavage as publishing houses attempt to aim a specific section of a crowded market place with dwindling readership Numberss in order to derive limited market portion, in my position this effort by print media to derive market portion and increase circulation have resulted in them concentrating chiefly on negative sensationalised headlines and either intentionally or negligently take to disregard positive facets of youth civilization and in peculiar urban civilization.Bi bliographyBlake, M ( 1985 ) Comparative young person civilizations – The sociology of young person civilizations and young person subcultures in America, Britain and Canada, USA, Routledge and Kegan Paul Inc Fulcher, J & A ; Scott, J ( 2007 ) Sociology, Oxford University Press Giddens, A ( 2001 ) Sociology Fourth edition, Cambridge, Polity Press Haralambos, A ( 1983 ) Sociology a new attack, Polity Press Jenks, C ( 1993 ) Culture – Second Edition, Routledge Kidd, W, Kirby, M, Koubel, F, Barter, J Hope, T Kirton, A, Madry, N, Manning, P, and Triggs, K ( 1998 ) Reading sociology, Oxford, Heinemann educational publishing houses Longhurst, B ( 1995 ) Popular music and society, Cambridge, Polity imperativeness McRobbie, A ( 1994 ) Postmodernism and popular civilization, London, Routledge O ‘ Donnell, G ( 1993 ) Sociology today, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press Representations and Youth, available at hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mediaed.org.uk/posted_documents/repsyouth.html The Parekh Report ( 2000 ) The Future of Multi- Ethnic Britain, Profile books Thornton, S ( 1997 ) The societal logic of subcultural capital { 1995 } .In K.Gelder and S Thornton Eds. , The subcultural reader. London, Routledge

Industrial Revolution in England Essay

Industrial revolution occurred in England between 1750 and 1850. This revolution was about changing the old production processes to new for the purpose of making more profit. There were major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining and technology which had a significant effect on the economy and culture of England. England was the starting point of the revolution and after England it spread to Europe, North America and finally the entire world. Basically, it was resulted in industry and machine manufacturing, instead of the old system which was agrarian and handicraft economy. Industrial revolution influenced every aspect of daily life. This revolution led drastic changes. Technological, socioeconomic and cultural features are the main features that changed and developed in the Industrial Revolution. Firstly in the technological field, people started to use new basic materials such as iron and steel and new energy sources such as electricity, steam engine, etc. were introduced. Also, new machines invented, for example spinning jenny. Human energy expenditure becomes smaller as a result of invention of new machines. Lastly, factory system occurred and a new organization way emerged with that. This change led division of labour to occur. Industrial revolution was a very very important social event, it changed and improved the world and there are some important terms, peoples and matters which were the main building blocks such as coal, spinning jenny and steam engine. Firstly, coal. Coal and industrial revolution were connected to each other. Before the revolution people used coal but what they use was very close to surface and they didn’t get benefit from it. Before the revolution there were 2 types of mines; drift mines and bell pits. There were small scale of this and only homes and local industries used these types of coals. But after the revolution demand on coal increased a lot because coal was the energy source for machines. More machines needed more coal. Therefore, coal mines got deeper and deeper; coal mining became very essential for factories. Secondly, spinning jenny. First spinning jenny was invented by James Hargreaves; jenny was the initial word for engine. There were 20.000 spinning jennys across Britain in 1778. Samuel Compton improved spinning jenny. Thirdly, steam engine. Steam engine  converts heat energy to mechanical energy by pressurized steam. It was invented by Thomas Newcomen. He found the first practical engine which was used for to pump water out of mine. James Watt developed Newcomen’s steam engine and it used in locomotives and ships (Western Civilization,348). Industrial revolution took place in England but not in China or the Islamic countries. The reasons behind it will be discussed in the next paragraphs. Newtonian science was very important for Industrial revolution and only England spread this science among its citizens. China or Islamic countries didn’t have control over the Newtonian science and they were not informed as England (Science, Institutions and the Industrial Revolution, p.16). Britain was advanced and they were technologically superior to the others. Institutions and universities were a lot in England. Laws were made by these institutions and inventor’s rights were protected by these laws. Therefore, inventors were encouraged by government. At the same time, universities raised engineers and technicians. Both of them prepare the ground for Industrial Revolution (Science, Institutions and the Industrial Revolution,p.13-14) In addition, Britain was rich in raw materials. It was easy to reach cotton, tobacco or sugar. Also England developed its transportation by iron. As a raw material iron was a lot in England and people used this iron to make railways, ships, etc. Transportation was very important for a revolution to occur (Science, Institutions and the Industrial Revolution,p.18). Also England had lots of mines and mines contain energy sources such as coal. Machines, steam engines, etc. needed source of energy to work. So England was very suitable for that. On the other hand, Chinese mines were spread all around the country and they weren’t close to each other, so it was hard and expensive to connect them and collect each raw material. Thus, Chinese didn’t use these sources. As it discussed in the above paragraphs Chinese transportation was bad. In addition to that Chinese stand point was different from British. Schools, institutions taught different things. Islam is a different religion than the other and it was not open to new inventions or new ideas in those years. Their strong beliefs avoid them to develop themselves in terms of science and they didn’t develop as much as England and Europe. In conclusion, I think industrial revolution changed the world and it had significant impacts on daily life. The technology and all the other stuff that we have today are here because of the industrial revolution. Because in today’s world everything, every product come out of factories. There are lots of rational reasons why the revolution occurred in England but not in China or Islamic countries. Marketing, technology and energy are the examples for the emergence in England. References: http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/287086/Industrial-Revolution http://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Industrial_Revolution.html http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/coal_mines_industrial_revolution.htm Western Civilization, A brief history, 3rd edition,Perry, 344-362 C. Bekar and R. Lipsey, â€Å"Science, Institutions and the Industrial Revolution†, Department of Economics Discussion Papers, 2002, 1, 5, 7-8, 13-24.

Free Essays on Robert Burns

There are two reasons that Robert Burns is the national poet of Scotland. The first is his â€Å"rags to riches† success story, and the second is â€Å"the way in which Burns in his songs identified himself with the Scottish folk tradition† (Scott-Kilvert 310). The poems of Robert Burns contain many appealing elements, such as colorful, vivid imagery and specific diction, allowing Burns to convey exactly what he is picturing while writing them. These characteristics, influenced by his Scottish background, are easily identified in his classic poem To A Mouse. Burns was born and raised in Alloway, Ayrshire. During his upbringing, Burns’ father, continually prone to bad luck, suffered sickness and a series of bankruptcies until he finally passed away in 1784 (Scott-Kilvert 313). From this stemmed Burns’ matchless satire of the social structure of his day and hardened his heart against â€Å"all forms of religious and political thought that condoned or perpetuated inhumanity† (Scott-Kilvert 313). Burns’ schooling involved everything from French to a minute amount of Latin. Heavily imposed on him during his education were the works of such literary greats as William Shakespeare and John Dryden, orienting most of his formal education toward English culture (Scott-Kilvert 313). During the middle years of his life, Burns was known to those close to him as simply â€Å"an occasional poet† that only wrote verse to express his love and emotions for others. It wasn’t until 1786 that, dissatisfied and disgusted with his monetary problems, Burns published a collection of his poems, planning to take the proceeds and immigrate to Jamaica. The collection, entitled Poems Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect was a huge success, and Burns soaked in the fame. It proved, however, to be short lived, as he wrote little poetry for publication after the publication of his book (Scott-Kilvert 315). The imagery used by Burns is so detailed and vibra... Free Essays on Robert Burns Free Essays on Robert Burns There are two reasons that Robert Burns is the national poet of Scotland. The first is his â€Å"rags to riches† success story, and the second is â€Å"the way in which Burns in his songs identified himself with the Scottish folk tradition† (Scott-Kilvert 310). The poems of Robert Burns contain many appealing elements, such as colorful, vivid imagery and specific diction, allowing Burns to convey exactly what he is picturing while writing them. These characteristics, influenced by his Scottish background, are easily identified in his classic poem To A Mouse. Burns was born and raised in Alloway, Ayrshire. During his upbringing, Burns’ father, continually prone to bad luck, suffered sickness and a series of bankruptcies until he finally passed away in 1784 (Scott-Kilvert 313). From this stemmed Burns’ matchless satire of the social structure of his day and hardened his heart against â€Å"all forms of religious and political thought that condoned or perpetuated inhumanity† (Scott-Kilvert 313). Burns’ schooling involved everything from French to a minute amount of Latin. Heavily imposed on him during his education were the works of such literary greats as William Shakespeare and John Dryden, orienting most of his formal education toward English culture (Scott-Kilvert 313). During the middle years of his life, Burns was known to those close to him as simply â€Å"an occasional poet† that only wrote verse to express his love and emotions for others. It wasn’t until 1786 that, dissatisfied and disgusted with his monetary problems, Burns published a collection of his poems, planning to take the proceeds and immigrate to Jamaica. The collection, entitled Poems Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect was a huge success, and Burns soaked in the fame. It proved, however, to be short lived, as he wrote little poetry for publication after the publication of his book (Scott-Kilvert 315). The imagery used by Burns is so detailed and vibra...

The End of Social Security Paper Checks

The End of Social Security Paper Checks The U.S. Department of Treasury began phasing out paper Social Security checks and other federal benefit checks on May 1, 2011. It required anyone applying for Social Security checks and other federal benefits on and after that date to receive their payments electronically. Those who began receiving Social Security checks before May of 2011 have until March 1, 2013, to sign up for electronic payments, the Treasury Department announced. Those who dont sign up to have their Social Security checks direct-deposited by that date would receive their benefits through the Direct Express card program. Getting your Social Security or Supplemental Security Income payment by direct deposit or Direct Express is safer and more reliable, Michael J. Astrue, the commissioner of Social Security, said in announcing the change. Whos Impacted by End of Paper Checks The change applied to Social Security, Supplemental Security Income, Veterans Affairs benefits, and anyone who receives benefits from the Railroad Retirement Board, Office of Personnel Management and Department of Labor (Black Lung). You dont have to worry about your check being lost or stolen and your money is available immediately on your payment date, Astrue said. There is no need to wait for the mail to arrive. In 2010, more than 540,000 Social Security and Supplemental Security Income paper checks were reported lost or stolen and had to be replaced, the Treasury Department said. Savings from End of Paper Checks Phasing out paper Social Security checks entirely is expected to save taxpayers about $120 million every year, or more than $1 billion over 10 years. Government officials also pointed out that eliminating paper Social Security checks will provide positive benefits to the environment, saving 12 million pounds of paper in the first five years alone. More than 18 million baby boomers are expected to reach retirement age during the next five years, with 10,000 people a day becoming eligible for Social Security benefits, said Treasurer Rosie Rios. It costs 92 cents more to issue a payment by paper check than by direct deposit. We are retiring the Social Security paper check option in favor of electronic payments because it is the right thing to do for benefit recipients and American taxpayers alike. What You Need to Do Now If you are applying for new benefits, you are now required to choose an electronic payment method, whether its a direct deposit of your Social Security check or other federal benefits into a bank or credit union account. When you apply for your Social Security check or other federal benefits, you will need: Your financial institutions routing transit number often found on a personal check;The account type, checking or savings;And the account number often found on a personal check. You can also choose to receive your Social Security check on a prepaid debit card or Direct Express Debit MasterCard card. What You Need to Do By 2013 If you currently get your Social Security check or other federal benefit payment on paper, you must switch to electronic payments before March 1, 2013. You can switch from paper checks to direct deposit at www.GoDirect.org, by calling the U.S. Treasury Electronic Payment Solution Centers toll-free helpline at (800) 333-1795, or by speaking with a bank or credit union representative. Anyone already receiving federal benefit payments electronically will continue to receive their money as usual on their payment day. No action is required. About Paper Social Security Checks The first monthly Social Security check was received by Ida Mae Fuller on Jan. 31, 1940, according to the Treasury Department. Since then about 165 million people have received Social Security benefits. The movement toward electronic payments has been steadily increasing, the Treasury Department said. By May of 2011, electronic payments made up more than three-quarters of all noncash payments nationwide. There were 5.7 billion fewer checks written in 2009 than in 2006, a decline of 6.1 percent per year - while electronic payments grew 9.3 percent during that same period. Among federal benefit recipients, about eight in 10 receive their Social Security check or other federal benefit payment electronically, according to the Treasury Department. What About Social Security Statements?   On January 9, 2017, the Social Security Administration also stopped mailing annual Social Security Statements to all workers under age 60. The Social Security Statement shows the worker’s expected monthly Social Security benefits based on their current and potential future income. Paper statements are still mailed only to workers age 60 and older three months before their birthday if they don’t receive Social Security benefits and don’t yet have a â€Å"my Social Security† account. Workers over age 60 will stop receiving their statements by mail once they set up their â€Å"my Social Security† account. Workers under age 60 can now view their personal Social Security Statement online only by using their â€Å"my Social Security† account. Using a â€Å"my Social Security† account, workers of all ages can view their Social Security Statement online at any time. With a free and very secure â€Å"my Social Security† account, workers of all ages, retired or not, can view online their personalized estimates of future benefits based on their real earnings, see their latest Statement, and review their earnings history. In addition, â€Å"my Social Security† can be used to request a replacement Social Security Card or check the status of an application, anytime. A â€Å"my Social Security† is free, secure, and easy to create at: https://www.ssa.gov/myaccount/.

To Build a Fire by Jack London analyze Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

To Build a Fire by Jack London analyze - Essay Example Various literary devices such as repetition, flashback and irony help reveal the idea that the man in the story is foolish and that his foolishness leads to his death. Repetition is one of the most obvious literary devices employed by London in order to somehow instill in the reader that the man in the story persists in being stubborn about not heeding the repetitive instructions that nature gives him. One of the most recurring statements in the story is â€Å"It certainly was cold† (London). This particular line appears several times throughout the story, is repeatedly rephrased in many parts, and is portrayed in such vivid imageries of cold. One line that particularly refers to this recurring coldness is â€Å"Once in a while the thought reiterated itself that it was very cold† (London). This particular repetition actually serves as a constant reminder for the man in the story to stop or turn back lest it should be too late to avoid death. Nevertheless, the man goes o n and even thinks that the idea of the cold is funny and that trying to survive it is ridiculous: â€Å"What were frosted cheeks? A bit painful, that was all; they were never serious.† (London) Another instance of repetition that demonstrates the man’s folly is â€Å"Fifty degrees below zero was to him just precisely fifty degrees below zero† (London). This particular line shows how literal the man can get when it comes to interpreting the cold temperature. He knows that it is in fact cold but despite the repeating thoughts of coldness, he remains â€Å"without imagination† (London) and he cannot see through the â€Å"significances† of things. (London) Another particular instance of repetition that abounds in the story is found in the following line where the words â€Å"below† and â€Å"zero† are repeated several times somehow for the purpose of reminding this stubborn man that he must either turn back or die: â€Å"In reality, it w as not merely colder than fifty below zero; it was colder than sixty below, than seventy below. It was seventy-five below zero. Since the freezing-point is thirty-two above zero, it meant that one hundred and seven degrees of frost obtained.† (London) Still, the following line with the word â€Å"cold† repeated four times is one more instance where the author finally hints that the man’s foolishness perhaps run in the blood because somehow he has repeatedly ignored nature’s warnings: â€Å"This man did not know cold. Possibly all the generations of his ancestry had been ignorant of cold, of real cold, of cold one hundred and seven degrees below freezing-point.† (London) Moreover, it is also possible that the repetition in the story has the purpose of achieving a sort of â€Å"hypnotic impact† and to â€Å"produce a mood that is at once somber and sinister† (Labor & Hendricks). The idea of coldness repeated several times in the aforemen tioned lines somehow help create this â€Å"somber and sinister† mood, and may even foreshadow the cold death that the man is to experience toward the end of the story. There is also a hint of irony embedded in this repetition. The repetitive mention of the word â€Å"cold† and the other elements of cold somehow â€Å"reinforce the irony of the man’s failure to recognize [the cold’s] ‘extended’ reality† (Pizer). In short, the irony is that regardless of the fact that the